Universität Wien
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280493 VU PM-Astr The Origin of the Elements (PI) (2018S)

4.00 ECTS (2.00 SWS), SPL 28 - Erdwissenschaften, Meteorologie - Geophysik und
Prüfungsimmanente Lehrveranstaltung
Moodle

An/Abmeldung

Hinweis: Ihr Anmeldezeitpunkt innerhalb der Frist hat keine Auswirkungen auf die Platzvergabe (kein "first come, first served").

Details

max. 15 Teilnehmer*innen
Sprache: Englisch

Lehrende

Termine (iCal) - nächster Termin ist mit N markiert

There will be three hours lecturing/exercises (with breaks) 2 or 3 times per week. The last week will be the first week of June and will include the student presentations.

  • Dienstag 15.05. 09:45 - 13:00 Seminarraum 2 Astronomie Sternwarte, Türkenschanzstraße 17
  • Mittwoch 16.05. 09:45 - 13:00 Seminarraum 2 Astronomie Sternwarte, Türkenschanzstraße 17
  • Donnerstag 17.05. 09:45 - 13:00 Seminarraum 2 Astronomie Sternwarte, Türkenschanzstraße 17
  • Mittwoch 23.05. 09:45 - 13:00 Seminarraum 2 Astronomie Sternwarte, Türkenschanzstraße 17
  • Donnerstag 24.05. 09:45 - 13:00 Seminarraum 2 Astronomie Sternwarte, Türkenschanzstraße 17
  • Dienstag 29.05. 09:45 - 13:00 Seminarraum 2 Astronomie Sternwarte, Türkenschanzstraße 17
  • Mittwoch 30.05. 09:45 - 13:00 Seminarraum 2 Astronomie Sternwarte, Türkenschanzstraße 17
  • Dienstag 05.06. 09:45 - 13:00 Seminarraum 2 Astronomie Sternwarte, Türkenschanzstraße 17
  • Mittwoch 06.06. 09:45 - 13:00 Seminarraum 2 Astronomie Sternwarte, Türkenschanzstraße 17
  • Donnerstag 07.06. 09:45 - 13:00 Seminarraum 2 Astronomie Sternwarte, Türkenschanzstraße 17

Information

Ziele, Inhalte und Methode der Lehrveranstaltung

The course will address the question of where the chemical elements in the cosmos
are created. While hydrogen and helium where made during the Big Bang, the heavier
elements from carbon and oxygen up to lead and uranium are produced by nuclear
reactions (fusion, fission, decay) inside stars. We will cover: the different
nucleosynthetic processes in stars, from hydrogen burning to neutron captures; the
stellar sites where they occur, how the freshly made elements are ejected into the
interstellar medium from where new stars are born, and how this processes drive the
chemical evolution of galaxies. Observational constraints to the theories and models
will be presented, including spectroscopic observations and meteoritic stardust
grains. The course will also explain the role of radioactive nuclei in measuring
cosmic times and in deepening our understanding of the origin of the chemical matter
that ended up in the Solar System and the circumstances of the birth of the Sun.

Specifically, the following topics will be addressed:
- a historical prospective
- the 8 nucleosynthetic processes
- abundances, how do we describe them
- becoming familiar with the nuclide chart
- nuclear reaction rates and notations
- equations for nuclear reaction networks
- stellar sites of the processes: from low-mass to massive stars
(AGB stars, core collapse supernovae, thermonuclear supernovae and novae)
- details of neutron capture processes
- the chemical evolution of the Galaxy
- spectroscopic observations
- meteoritic data: from stardust to whole rocks, the role of cosmochemistry
- radionuclei as clocks
- radioactivity and habitability

To explain the main concepts up-front lecturing and interactive excersises will be
employed together. Hand-on tools such as the nuclide chart as well as current online
databases of nuclear reaction rates will be used. Please bring a laptop to access these files and databases. One laptop can be shared between two students.

Art der Leistungskontrolle und erlaubte Hilfsmittel

Chose your favourite chemical element and present a 30 minute seminar + questions
about it and its stellar origin.

Mindestanforderungen und Beurteilungsmaßstab

Preferrably a bachelor degree. Otherwise Astrophysik I and II and basic knowledge about stellar interiors and evolution (e.g. Theoretische Astrophysik I).
Assessment criteria: participation in lectures and excercises (30%), presentation (70%)

Prüfungsstoff

Content of the Seminar presentation

Literatur

Burbidge et al. 1956, Synthesis of the Elements in Stars, Reviews of Modern Physics,
vol. 29, Issue 4, pp. 547-650 http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1957RvMP...29..547B

Wallerstein et al. 1997 Synthesis of the elements in stars: forty years of progress,
Reviews of Modern Physics, Volume 69, Issue 4, October 1997, pp.995-1084
http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1997RvMP...69..995W

Lugaro, M. 2005, Stardust from meteorites / World Scientific Series in Astronomy and
Astrophysics, Vol. 9, New Jersey, London, Singapore: World Scientific. ISBN
981-256-099-8, 2005, XIV, 209 pp. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005sdfm.book.....L

Clayton, D. D. Principles of stellar evolution and nucleosynthesis.. D. D.
Clayton.2nd edition. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago - London. 612 pp.
(1984).http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1984psen.book.....C

Clayton, D. D. Handbook of Isotopes in the Cosmos, by Donald Clayton, Cambridge, UK:
Cambridge University Press, 2007 http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007hic..book.....C

More will be provided during the lectures

Zuordnung im Vorlesungsverzeichnis

Letzte Änderung: Mo 07.09.2020 15:42