Elective courses - 14 ECTS

• 143074 VO VO History of North Africa 1: A Center of the Ancient World
• 143075 VO History of East Africa 1
• 143077 VO Pioneers of African and Atlantic History - From Melville Herskovits to Philip D. Curtin
• 143127 VO Resistance and protest in the 20th and 21st century - Case studies from Africa and diasporic contexts
• 143237 VO African Societies to the 16th Century: Africa’s Long History